Parasitic

Bacterial summary of foodborne and waterborne disease characteristics
Etiological Agent	Incubation Period	Clinical Syndrome	Pathogenic Mechanism	Laboratory Diagnosis or Confirmation	Suspected food or epidemiologically implicated vehicle of transmission
Cryptosporidium parvum	2-28 days, median 7 days	Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fever	Toxin? Infection of mucosa	Demonstration of organism or antigen in stool or small bowel biopsy specimens OR Demonstration of organism in epidemiologically implicated food	Spread by fecal- oral route; ingestion of contaminated food or water
Cyclospora cayetanensis	1-11 days, median 7days	Fatigue, protracted diarrhea, often relapsing	Infection of mucosa	Demonstration of organism in stool	Spread by fecal- oral route; ingestion of contaminated food or water Raw vegetables especially strawberries, raspberries, baby lettuce and basil
Giardia lamblia	3-25 days, median 7days	Diarrhea, gas, cramps, nausea, fatigue	Mucosal irritation	Direct antigen detection in stool or demonstration of organism in stool, duodenal contents, or small bowel biopsy specimen	Spread by fecal- oral route; ingestion of contaminated food or water
Trichinella spp.	1-2 days for intestinal phase; 2-4 weeks for systemic phase	Fever, myalgia, periorbital edema, high eosinophil count	Penetration, spread	Positive serological test or demonstration of larvae in muscle biopsy specimen OR Demonstration of larvae in epidemiologically implicated meat	Meat